ON GOING PLACES, GRADE 12, ENGLISH CORE (CBSE)

SHORT ANSWERS AND LONG ANSWER

mkchandran.blogspot.com

 

 

Q1. What were the dreams of Sophie? Why did Jansie discourage them?  Ans: Sophie wanted to open an amazing boutique in the city. At the same time, she wanted to be an actress and have the boutique as a side business. She also wanted to be a fashion designer. But Jansie asked Sophie to be sensible and stop dreaming impossible things because both of them earmarked to be apprentices in a biscuit factory.

 Q2.Did Geoff believe Sophie when she narrated her meeting with Danny Casey?
Ans: No, Geoff didn’t believe what Sophie had narrated about her meeting with Danny Casey. He said, “It can’t be true”. Then he repeated, “I don’t believe it.” Sophie then said that how Danny Casey came and stood beside her. Geoff asked her, “What does he look like?”  Her answer didn't convince him that she met Danny Casey.  

 Q3. Did her father believe her story?

Ans: No, when he heard that Sophie had met Danny Casey, he looked at her with disdain. When Sophie remarked that Danny was going to buy a shop, her father murmured that it was her another wild story 

 Q4. Why didn’t Sophie tell Jansie the story about Danny?

Ans: According to Sophie, Jansie was nosey who wanted to know other people’s affairs. She would spread the news in the whole neighbourhood. So, Sophie didn’t want Jansie to know about her story with Danny.

Q5. Did Sophie really meet Danny Casey?

Ans: No, Sophie did not meet Danny Casey. She was highly fascinated by the young Irish footballer. She imagined him as her lover. She sat in the park, waiting for him. She knew that he would not come. She felt sad and it became a hard burden to carry. She was in her dreamy world where she imagined Casey was with her.

Q6. When did Sophie see Danny Casey in person?

Ans: When she was watching  the football match on Saturdays, she got to see Danny Casey, the Irish footballer. On all Saturdays her family would go to watch football match. The last Saturday, she met the Irish genius going round with two big defenders on the edge of the penalty area.

Q7. What is the difference between the characters of Sophie and Jansie?

Ans: Sophie and Jansie are different in their characters. Sophie is a day dreamer. She dreams a lot and floats in the lake of dreams. But Jansie is a realist. She knows that she belongs to a middle class family. She also knows that she is earmarked for a biscuit factory. She advises Sophie to be sensible and practical. But Sophie considers Jansie as a nosey girl.

Q8.Describe the character of Sophie’s father

Ans: Sophie’s father is an industrious man. He is looking grimy and sweaty. He doesn't seem to be an educated man. He is a realist and doesn't believe his daughter's wild stories. He likes football matches. He is a fan of Tom Finney, the great  footballer. He also believes that Danny Casey will be as good as Tom Finney. He looks after his house well and good.

Q9.What are the indicators of Sophie's financial status?

Ans: Sophie belongs to a lower middle class family. She has wild and impossible dreams. She dreams of things she can’t have in real life..Geoff's occupation is their main economic source. He is an apprentice mechanic. His jacket is shapeless. Her father may be an ordinary employee in a factory . It means she belongs to a lower middle class family

 

Q10. Why does Jansie say : “Soaf, you really should be sensible” ?

Ans: Jansie knows Sophie’s financial position. Both of them are earmarked for a biscuit factory. Sophie dreams of big and beautiful things like having a boutique. To have a boutique she needs a lot of money and experience. Sophie has neither of them. So Jansie tells her to be sensible.

Q11. How does Geoff differ from his sister Sophie?

Ans: Geoff is a grown up boy and an apprentice mechanic. He has to travel to his work site each day to the far side of the city. He speaks little but listens to his sister’s ‘wild stories’. But he is not a day dreamer like her. He knows the financial limitations of his family. He advises Sophie not to entertain dreams for a celebrity like Danny Casey.

Q12. Why was Sophie jealous of Geoff’s silence?      
Ans: Geoff was a grown up boy. He spoke little. Words  were precious to him. Sophie was jealous of his silence. She knew that when he was not speaking, he would be away somewhere else. She thought that he was out in a place where she had never been. She wanted to get her brother’s affection and love.

LONG ANSWER.

1. Every teenager has a hero / heroine to admire. So many times they become role models for them. What is wrong if Sophie fantasizes about Danny Casey and is ambitious in life? (CBSE AI 2016)

Ans:  Teenage period constitutes major changes in one's life. During the phase a boy or a girl learns many things. He / She sets his/her career goals. During this period they have high peer pressure. More over they want to be adults and fantasizing wild dreams. It is true that a teenager lives in a world of dreams.

It is wrong to say that dreaming or fantasizing is nonsense. It is based on realistic aims and the world gives them ample opportunities to achieve their dreams. If one has confidence, positivity and optimism, he or she cannot be defeated.

Here, Sophie's fantasy about Danny Casey is not a matured one. It is a child's longing and a one way affection. He is a celebrity footballer and she is a simple school girl. We can dream but should not grow mad. Sophie should be a realistic and sensible girl.  

POETS AND PANCAKES, GRADE 12 ENGLISH CORE (CBSE), EXTRACT BASED ANSWERS, SHORT ANSWERS AND LONG ANSWER

 

 

 

 

POETS AND PANCAKES

BY ASOKAMITHRAN

GRADE 12, ENGLISH CORE (CBSE)

EXTRACT BASED ANSWERS, SHORT ANSWERS AND LONG ANSWER

mkchandran.blogspot.com

 

EXTRACT BASED ANSWERS

1. "In all instances of frustration , you will always find the anger directed towards a single person openly or covertly and this man of the make-up department was convinced that all his woes, ignominy and neglect were due to Kothamangalam Subbu"

A. Who is the "Single person" referred to?

Ans: Kothamangalam Subbu, a tailor-made for films.

B. Who is the frustrated man here?

Ans: The office boy of the make-up department. He is forty years old but his designation is an office boy.

C. What was the frustration of the office boy?

Ans: When he joined the Gemini Studio, he thought that he would become a star actor, a top screen play writer or at least a lyrics writer. But he couldn't reach anywhere. This made him frustrated.

D. Who was the source of the office boy's woes?

Ans: The office boy thought that Kothamangalam Subbu was the entire source of his woes

 

2. "He couldn't have addressed a more dazed and silent audience-no one knew what he was talking about and his accent defeated any attempt to understand what he was saying. The whole thing lasted about an hour; then the poet left and we all dispersed in utter bafflement-what are we doing"

A. Who was the mentioned speaker?

Ans: The British poet, Stephen Spender. Once he visited Gemini Studio to know the progress of communism in India.

B. Why was the audience silent and confused?

Ans: The audience was silent and confused because they couldn't understand anything. Stephen Spender's accent was not digestible to the poor workers of Gemini Studio.

C. Why did Stephen Spender select the Gemini Studio?

Ans: According to Asokamithran, no one welcomed Stephen Spender except the Gemini studio. So he selected it.

D. Who was the audience of Stephen Spender?

Ans: His audience was six hundred workers of the Gemini Studio.

SHORT ANSWERS.

1. How did the Gemini Studio become first in the matter of national integration?

Ans: The make-up department of the Gemini Studio became the first in the national integration of India. Before the AIR and the Dooradharsan were broadcasting on national integration awareness, the make-up department of the Gemini Studio practically showed it.

Under the roof of make-up department there were many make-up men from all over India and they worked together without any bias and prejudices. They showed the unity of Indians.

2. How was the make-up room in the Gemini Studio?

Ans: The make-up room was in the upstairs of the building. Formerly, that building was Robert Clive's stables. The make-up room was connected with many incandescent lights which would produce extreme heat. There had many mirrors on the walls. The room was very uncomfortable because of the heat from the light and it was a fiery misery.

3. What was the hierarchy in the make-up department?

Ans: The chief make-up man would do make-up of main heroes and heroines. His senior assistant would do the second heroes and heroines. His junior assistant was entrusted to do make-up of comedians and so on. The office boy had to do the make-up of the crowd actors.

4. What was Asokamithran's job in the Gemini Studio?

Ans: Asokamithran's job in the Gemini Studio was to cut a wide variety of newspaper clippings and file them for the future reference.

5. What was the work of the office boy? Why was he disappointed?

Ans: The office boy was also a make-up man. He had to do the make-up of crowd actors. He would mix the paint and the pancakes in big vessels and slapped it on the crowd players.

He was disappointed because he couldn't become a main actor, screen-play writer, director or lyrics writer.

6.  Who was Kothamangalam subbu? What was his special qualities?

Ans: Kothamangalam Subbu was No. 2 in the Gemini Studio. He was a tailor made for films. He had proved his identity as a poet, story teller and actor. Thillana Mohanambal was his novel. He was very kindhearted and improvident man who helped more than a dozen people by providing them food and shelter. He had solutions of all the complicated problems connected to film industry. 

7. Did the employees at Gemini Studio have any particular political party?

Ans: No, but they liked Gandhi. They wore khadi dhoti and khadi shirt. They were against communism because they thought that communists were considered as godless men and against the conjugal love.

8. What was the job of the lawyer in the Gemini studio?

Ans: The lawyer had no job in the Gemini Studio. He was registered in the story department. But he didn't prove anything worthwhile in the story department. He was known as the legal adviser, but he never visited the court and justified his position as an advocate.

9. Why did the poets like the Gemini Studio?

Ans: The poets liked Gemini Studio because there had an excellent mess that served good coffee at day and the first half of the night. The poets like S.D.S Yogiar, Sangu Subramanyan, Krishna Sastry and Harindranath Chattopadyaya frequently visited the studio. The studio also provided a creative mood to the poets.

10. What do you mean by M.R.A? Why did the people attract M.R.A?

Ans: M.R.A means Frank Buchman's Moral Re-Armament army. It was a counter movement to international communism. It consisted of two hundred people. They staged two plays named 'Jotham Valley' and 'The Forgotten Factor' Those plays became  super hits because they were played in a professional manner. Later Tamil amateur drama troops copied their settings.

11. Briefly describe Stephan Spender's visit to Gemini Studio?

Ans: Stephen Spender, an English poet from England visited Gemini Studio. But his visit was a flop show. Nobody knew who he was and what his purpose was. The communication between the employees of the studio and the poet was a failure because his accent was not digestible to the poor employees. His purpose was to study how communism was spreading in India.

12. How did Asokamithran learn about the identity of the English poet?

Ans: One day Asokamithran visited the British Council Library for searching a copy of "The Encounter", a magazine published from London. Stephen Spender was one of its editors. In this way he understood the identity of the English poet who visited the Gemini Studio.

13. What do you know about "The God That Failed"?

Ans: 'The God that failed' is a book on communism. The book was written by six eminent writers who narrated their experiences with communism and God. Once they attracted to the God, but soon they disillusioned. They were Stephen Spender, Andre Gide, Ignacio Silone, Richard Wright, Arthur Koestler and Louis Fisher.

14. What did the Gemini people think about communists?

Ans: According to the workers of the Gemini Studio Communists were godless people. They had no filial or conjugal love. They were cruel, even they were ready to kill their father and son for their party. They spread violence among the innocent and ignorant people.

LONG ANSWER     

1. Describe the make-up department of the Gemini Studio.

Ans: The make-up department of the Gemini Studio was situated in the upstairs of the building.  On the walls there hung half a dozen mirrors and it gave an air of a hair cutting saloon. There had many incandescent lamps that produced unbearable heat. The make-up room was an uncomfortable place to those who engaged in the make-up.

The make-up department was headed by a Bengali. When he left the job a Maharashtrian succeeded him. The people from all over India were assembled under the roof of the make-up room. They were from different castes, creeds and religions. The make-up department showed the correct slogan for National Integration.

The make-up department followed a strict hierarchy. The chief make-up man made ugly the main heroes and heroines. The senior assistant make-up man dealt the second heroes and heroines. The junior assistant did the make-up to the comedians and so on. The office boy painted to those who were as crowd actors.

 

 

 

Mother's Day, Grade 11, CBSE English Core, Short Answers and Long Answer

 

MOTHER'S DAY

Grade 11, English (CBSE)

Short Answers and Long Answer.

mkchandran.blogspot.com

 

1. How did the changed Mrs. Pearson behave with Doris?
Ans: The changed Mrs. Pearson used sharp wordings. She said that she didn't prepare tea for her. She also refused to iron her yellow silk. She pitiably  laughed at her boy friend, Charlie Spence.

2. How did Mrs. Fitzgerald try to help Mrs. Pearson?
Ans: Mrs. Fitzgerald magically changed her own personality with Mrs. Pearson. Then  Mrs. Fitzgerald acted in a tough manner with Mr. George Pearson and his children. She made them to understand the importance of a mother in the family. Rather, she inspired Mrs. Pearson to be the boss of her house and order them standing in her own leg. She also taught her not to be a servant in the family.

3. Do you agree with Mrs. Fitzgerald when she says that a house wife must be the boss of her family?

Ans: Yes. Mrs. Pearson is a poor house wife. She only knows to love her husband and children. Whether they are right or wrong she loves them. But Mrs. Fitzgerald tells her that her husband and children must share her work. They have to understand the difficulty of the household work. Mr. Pearson must stop going to the club at night. She tells her to put her foot down and be the boss of her family.

4. Mrs.  Pearson said that she would work only forty hours a week. How did Doris react on it?
Ans: Doris couldn't believe her ears. She asked her mother whether she would go out and enjoy for a weekend. She also thought that her mother became crazy due to some accident or some unknown hit on her head. She believed that her mother would never get a company to go out.

5. How was Mr. George  treated at the club according to Mrs. Fitzgerald?
Ans: According to Mrs. Fitzgerald, Mr. George was a laughing stock in the club. They would mock at him as he would never take his wife to the club. His wife sat alone at his home. They called him Pompy Ompy Pearson. They thought that he was very slow as well as pompous and showy.

6. How does Mrs. Fitzgerald express her disapproval of Charlie Spence?
Ans: Mrs. Fitzgerald says that Charlie Spence has buck teeth and he is half-witted. She also asks her why she doesn't get a better boy than Charlie Spence.

7. George, Doris and Cyril were all ungrateful. How can you prove?
Ans: George, Doris and Cyril thought that household duties were not a work as the work in the office. They didn't acknowledge the work done by Mrs. Pearson at home. They even bullied her. They considered her as a servant. When they ordered Mrs. Pearson obeyed. They didn't respect her. 

8. How does the Pearson family enjoy finally?
Ans: They enjoyed well in the end of the play. Doris and Cyril were ready to prepare their supper. Mrs. Pearson and Mr. George played a game of rummy. She chit chatted with her husband. Mr. George didn't go to the club. Doris didn't go with Charlie Spence.

9. How does Mrs. Fitzgerald bring about a change in Mrs. Pearson's personality?
Ans: Mrs. Annie Pearson was a quiet and submissive person. She thought that her important duty was to look after the  needs of her husband and children. As a result of that her husband, son and daughter were spoilt. They bullied her and ordered as the boss of the family. Mrs. Fitzgerald thought that Mrs. Pearson should not bear it as a home maker. Mrs. Fitzgerald exchanged personalities with Mrs. Pearson. Then Mrs. Pearson became bold, and even rude. They soon came to understood that they should not burden her with their work. They understood their duties.

10. What is the moral of the play?
Ans: The moral of the play is that a mother has certain rights in her family. Household work is considered to be a work. The husband and children should share household work. They must value the household work and it should be recognized.

Long Answer

1. Show the difference between Mrs. Pearson's and Mrs. Fitzgerald's attitudes and personalities.
Ans: Mrs. Pearson and Mrs. Fitzgerald were entirely different characters. Mrs. Pearson is simple and humble  as well as timid and fearful, where as Mrs. Fitzgerald is bold , confident, courageous and dominating character.

Mrs. Pearson obeys the order of her family. She does all the work for them. She never questions them. She is highly contented. She works in her own house as a servant. She never cares when she is bullied by her husband or children.  

But Mrs. Fitzgerald is entirely different from Mrs. Pearson. She is in Asia for many years. She is a dominating character. She knows many tricks from abroad. She is well acquainted with her rights, she demands respect.  Her character is suitable for a modern lady. In the play she establishes an identity of a mother in the family. She is the best example of the present women.

 

 

 

INDIGO, GRADE 12 (CBSE) ENGLISH, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

 

INDIGO, GRADE 12 (CBSE)

SHORT ANSWERS AND LONG ANSWER.

"A PLUS" NOTE

mkchandran.blogspot.com

1.Where was Champaran district situated?

Ans: Champaran district was in the foothills of the towering Himalayas, near the kingdom of Nepal.

 

2.Who was Rajkumar Shukla? Why did he want to meet Gandhi?

Ans: Rajkumar Shukla was a poor farmer who lived in Champaran. He wanted to inform Gandhi about the landlord system in Bihar where the sharecroppers were ill-treated by the British landlords.

 

3. When and where did Rajkumar Shukla meet Gandhi?

Ans: Rajkumar Shukla met Gandhi in 1916 in the annual convention of Indian National Congress party at Lucknow.

 

4.“Rajkumar Shukla was illiterate but resolute.” Explain.

Ans: Rajkumar Shukla was uneducated but firm and determined. He would not change his decision at any cost. He followed Gandhi till Gandhi fixed a date to visit his place Chambaran.

5. What do you mean by a sharecropper?

Ans: A sharecropper is a peasant. who enters an agreement with a landowner to cultivate the land and then pay a share of the crop as rent of the land. The landlord will not do any work in that land. The farmer has to do all the work. It means they are forced to share the crops to the landlords.

 

6. Why did Gandhi accept the 25% compensation to the sharecroppers?

Ans. An official commission to enquire the problems of the sharecroppers was formed by the East India Company. The commission consisted of landlords, government officials  and Gandhi as the sole representative of the peasants. The commission understood the fact that the sharecroppers were cheated. So the Commission decided to pay back the money which they had illegally extorted from the farmers. They asked Gandhi how much they had to pay. Gandhi  asked only 50%. But they offered 25% ; Gandhi agreed the proposal. Gandhi said that the amount of the refund was less important than the landlords had been surrendered a part of their prestige and money.

 

7.What was the actual problem of Champaran peasants?

Ans: Most of the arable land in the Chambaran district was divided into large estates owned by Englishmen. They leased the land to the poor Indian tenants asking them to cultivate indigo plants 15% of their total land. They had to surrender the entire indigo harvest to the estate owners as the rent. Meanwhile Germany developed synthetic indigo which was cheaper as well as better. So, the landlords decided to break the contact made with the peasants. It meant the peasants would be free; the sharecropping would come to an end. The landlords asked money to the sharecroppers for making them free. Some farmers gave them money and became free from the contract. When the peasants came to know about the synthetic indigo which was developed by Germany, they thought that they were trapped by English landlords. The peasants wanted to get back the money what they had given to the landlords. But the landlords disagreed to pay back money because they were above the laws.

  

7.Narrate briefly on the visit of Gandhi to Rajendra Prasad’s house?

Ans: Gandhi went to Patna in Bihar with Rajkumar Shukla. Shukla led him to the house of Rajendra Prasad. But he was not there. The servants of that house mistook Gandhi as a poor yeoman. Gandhi and Shukla were asked to stay on the ground. They were not given even drinking water and not allowed them to draw water from the well. The servants thought that Gandhi and Shukla were untouchables and if they would take water from the well the entire source of water in the well and the bucket would be polluted.

8.Why did Gandhi decide to go to Muzzafarpur?

Ans. Gandhi decided to go to Muzzafarpur to collect complete information of the sharecroppers' cases. He also wanted to meet J.B. Kripalini who was a professor in the Arts College at Muzzafarpur, whom he had seen at Tagore’s Shantiniketan school.

 

9.“It was an extra ordinary thing ‘in those days’ What was the extra ordinary thing?

Ans: When Gandhi reached Muzzafarpur, Professor Malkani, a teacher in a government school welcomed him and allowed him to stay in his house. It was an extraordinary thing because Gandhi was one of the members of Home Rule Movement. The people feared to show sympathy to the advocates of home rule. The East India Company would punish them if they came to know. No one should help the members of Home Rule Movement was the order of the East India Company. But Malkani didn't fear the  order and he harbored Gandhi.

10.“Taking such cases to the courts does little good.” Who is the speaker and why?

Ans. Gandhiji is the speaker. Gandhi thinks that taking sharecroppers’ cases to the law courts do little good. The peasants are crushed in the courts and law courts are useless, where judges are British people and they will not verdict against British landlords.

 

11. What was the long term contract made in between British landlords and Indian tenants?

Ans. Most of the arable land was divided into large estates owned by English men. They gave the land to Indian tenants with an agreement. The landlords compelled all tenants to plant 15% of their total land with Indigo and surrender the entire indigo harvest as rent to them.

14.Why was Gandhi satisfied with only one-fourth of the compensation?

Ans. Gandhi agreed the settlement with 25% of refund what British Landlords had collected. He thought that Landlords were forced to return the money was rather more important. He also thought that a part of their prestige was obliged to surrender in front of Indian farmers.

 

15."Civil disobedience had triumphed , the first time in modern India" Explain

Ans: Gandhi got an official notice to quit Champaran immediately. Gandhi wrote on the receipt that he would disobey the order. The East India Company wanted to arrest Gandhi. But there were a huge multitude of farmers held a demonstration around the court house. By seeing them the British officials were confused and feared. Even without bail they were forced to release Gandhi. The British landlords stopped asking the compensation from the farmers. In this way the civil disobedience triumphed for the first time in modern India.  

 

Long Answer

1. "Self - reliance , Indian Independence and help the sharecroppers  were all bound together" says Louis Fischer. Discuss.

 

 

Ans:  We all Know that success depends on self - reliance. If one is self - reliant he or she is having full of confidence. If one is having full of confidence, one can undertake many difficult tasks.

In this lesson Gandhi won a battle against the British land lords. If the people are made self reliant they can fight their own battles. They can  fight against the cruelty and the idea of launching their own freedom.

 

Gandhi helped the sharecroppers at Champaran as they were exploited by the British landlords. Gandhi wanted to learn the problem of Champaran peasants. But he was given an official order to leave Champaran. He disobeyed the order. Consequently he got a court summons.

Thousands of peasants assembled in the court yard. They did demonstrations in favour of Gandhi. The British officials baffled. Finally they sought help from Gandhi and released him even without bail.

Champaran episode became a turning point in Gandhi's life. The success of Chambaran gave him courage to open civil disobedience and Quiet India Movement.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

GRADE 11, ENGLISH CORE, DISCOVERING TUT (CBSE)

 

GRADE 11, CBSE, ENGLISH

DISCOVERING TUT, THE SAAGA CONTINUES

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

ANSWERED BY M.K.CHANDRAN

mkchandran.blogspot.com

 

Short Answers:

1. Why did Tut change his name from Tutankhaten to Tutankhamun?
Ans: There were two famous Gods in ancient Egypt during Tut's period. They were known as Aten (the Sun God) and Amun, another famous God. Amenhottep IV destroyed the images of Amun God and his temples. The king Tut didn't like it. He worshipped Amun God and he changed his name as Tutakhamun, which meant the servant of Amun God.

2 List some adornments on Tut’s body. Why did they keep the adornments along with the dead body?
Ans: Egyptians believed that there was life after death. So they buried different sorts of adornments along with the dead body. When Carter opened the mummy he found that many wonderful gold ornaments like necklaces, bracelets, rings, amulets and board games, linen undergarments, cases of food and drink. They believed that the deceased would use all those items in their afterlife.

3. Who was Howard Carter? What did he discover?
Ans: Howard Carter was a British Archaeologist.  He wanted to study about the death and the reason of death of the teenager king Tut.  He searched his tomb for many years. But it was fruitless. At last he discovered his tomb in 1922.

4. What did Howard Carter do to separate Tut's body from his coffin?
Ans: Howard Carter had no sophisticated tools to work. He was unable to open the coffin. The ritual resin was very strong and hard. So that he put the coffin in the scorching desert sun and heated it in 147 degree Fahrenheit. But it didn't work. He couldn't take out Tut's body from the coffin. At last he applied chisel and cut the body into pieces and took them out. 

5. Carter took a drastic decision regarding the mummy. What was it? How did he justify it?
Ans: Carter took a drastic decision that he chiseled  away the hardened resins from under Tut’s body. As a result of that the Skelton was damaged. The workers removed Tut’s head and almost all joints. Carter justified it by telling that  if he didn't cut the mummy, thieves would have ripped it in order to get the valuable trasure.

6. Why was Tut’s mummy scanned again after so many years?
Ans: Archaeologists were not satisfied with Howard Carter. He didn't use any advanced technology. In his group there had no radiologists, forensic experts and anatomy professors. Hence the modern archaeologists decided to find out the manner of Tut's death and the age at the time of his death. So they scanned Tut's mummy again.

7. What was the result of the CT Scanning?
Ans: The CT scan  showed a grey head of Tut. The technician spun and tilted it. It also showed the neck vertebrae, a hand and the rib cage. Moreover it also showed the cross section of his skull.

.8. What were the funerary treasures found in the tomb?
Ans: There was a shroud with a decorated garland of willow and olive leaves, wild celery, lotus petals and cornflowers. They calculated that the burial might have taken  place in the month of March or April because those things were easily available in March and April. Golden artifacts and things of every-day use were kept in the burial chamber.

9. How was Amenhotep IV described in ‘the history of ancient Egypt’?
Ans: Amenhotep IV did many  foolish activities. He asked the people to worship Aten, the Sun God, and later he attacked Amun, the major God of many people. He ordered his people to smash the images of Amun and destroy his temples. He also shifted the religious capital from the old city of Thebes to the new city of Akhnaten, which was later known as Amarna.

LONG ANSWER.

1. “The mummy was in very bad condition because of what Carter had done in  1920s,” said Zahi Hawaas. How far is the statement true?

Ans: The above statement was true. Carter easily opened two of the three nested coffins and announced the time of burial by seeing the presence of lotus petals, wild celery, olive leaves, willow leaves and dried cornflowers. They were easily available in the month of March or April in Egypt. In the third coffin where Tut's dead body was kept, the ritual resin was hardened. They fixed  the body to the bottom of the coffin using strong resins. He placed the coffin in 149 degrees temperature of the desert sun, but it didn't work. Thus Carter cut the mummy free.

To separate Tut from the ornaments he cut his body into piece by piece , Carter’s men cut his head and every major joints. They had reassembled them on a layer of sand and laid it back in the coffin, hiding the damage.

Carter said that he cut his body piece by piece to take away his valuable gold ornaments from his body, if not thieves would steal them. During those days archaeology lacked sophisticated tools. Thus we cannot justify Carter's action.